n8n: Python sandbox escape

Impact

An authenticated user with permission to create or modify workflows containing a Python Code Node could escape the sandbox and achieve arbitrary code execution on the task runner container.

This issue only affects instances where the Python Task Runner is enabled.

Patches

The issue has been fixed in n8n versions 1.123.48, 2.21.8, and 2.22.4. Users should upgrade to one of these versions or later to remediate the vulnerability.

Workarounds

If upgrading is not immediately possible, administrators should consider the following temporary mitigations:

• Limit workflow creation and editing permissions to fully trusted users only.
• Disable the Python Code node by adding n8n-nodes-base.code to the NODES_EXCLUDE environment variable, or disable the Python Task Runner entirely.

These workarounds do not fully remediate the risk and should only be used as short-term mitigation measures.